№ 3 (188) 2024 р. С. 65–71

НЕІНВАЗИВНЕ ПРЕНАТАЛЬНЕ ТЕСТУВАННЯ (NIPT) – СУЧАСНИЙ МЕТОД ПРЕНАТАЛЬНОГО СКРИНІНГУ (ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ)

Ю. І. Бажора, М. М. Чеснокова, А. В. Шевеленкова, С. В. Матвиюк, К. В. Остапчук

Одеський національний медичний університет, Одеса, Україна
КНП «Обласна дитяча клінічна лікарня» Одеської облісної ради, Одеса, Україна

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2024-3-11

Неінвазивний пренатальний тест (NIPT) базується на дослідженні позаклітинної ДНК плода в крові вагітної жінки. Він є важливим доповненням до пренатальних скринінгових тестів на хромосомні аномалії. Тест збільшує імовірність виявлення хромосомної патології у плода й одночасно зменшує кількість необхідних інвазивних тестів. NIPT використовується як скринінговий тест і потребує за позитивних результатів підтвердження діагнозу інвазивними методами. У ряді країн NIPT передбачений у державних програмах пренатального скринінгу як тест першої або другої лінії. В Україні тест пропонується приватними лабораторіями за власні кошти пацієнтів. Використання NIPT потребує створення власних або адаптації наявних рекомендацій щодо алгоритму застосування методу, інтерпретації результатів тесту.

Ключові слова: позаклітинна ДНК плода, неінвазивний пренатальний тест, NIPT, пренатальний скринінг на хромосомні анеуплоїдії, імплементація NIPT.

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