Статья посвящена методам определения механической стабильности эндоссальных дентальных имплантатов. Механическая стабильность имплантата является важным показателем нормальной остеоинтеграции. Проведен обзор существующих методик определения стабильности имплантатов с позиции и информативности и объективности. С использованием частотно-резонансного анализа показано, что механическая стабильность имплантатов выше в группе пациентов, у которых для планирования имплантации применялась конусно-лучевая компьютерная томография. Среднее значение коэффициента стабильности имплантата в основной группе достигает 68,9±8,4, в контрольной — 62,6±13,1, что достоверно (р<0,05) выше в основной группе.
Dental implantation allows to achieve the rehabilitation of patients with various forms
of adentia in situations where different protocols of prosthetics are not effective or harmful to the surrounding
teeth.
Fixation of the implant in the bone is due to the mechanical linkages. The success of osseointegration,
and, consequently, implantation as a whole is largely dependent on the mechanical stability of
the implant. There are various techniques that determine the stability of the implant indirectly or directly.
These include clinical, radiological, torque test, periotest, resonance frequency analysis. Resonance
frequency analysis provides an objective assessment of the stability of the implant using Implant
Stability Quotient (ISQ) on a scale from one to one hundred.This study included 46 patients with partial secondary adentia of lower jaw,
which has been indicated to install one implant in the lateral section. Patients were divided into two
equal groups (23 patients in each). Determination of ISQ in both groups was performed immediately
after fixation of the implant before suturing. In the control group the diagnosis and implant planning
was performed using conventional methods of digital orthopantomography. The patients of the main
group in addition to research described got cone-beam computer tomography of implantation area
before and after surgery.
The stability of the implant according to the postoperative study was higher in patients of the main
group. In the study group of 20 cases (87%) ISQ was over or equal to 65, which allows for one-stage
implant prosthetics. In the control group such ISQ value was obtained in only 10 cases (43.5%). Mean
ISQ in the study group was 68.9±8.4, in the control group — 62.6±13.1. In the study group ISQ was
significantly (p<0.05) higher
