№ 6 (197) 2025 р. С. 70–79

ВРОДЖЕНІ ВАДИ СЕРЦЯ У ДІТЕЙ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ВИКЛИКИ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я

М. Г. Мельниченко, В. П. Бузовський, І. В. Юрченко

Одеський національний медичний університет, Одеса, Україна

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2025-6-11

Актуальність. Однією з найчастіших вроджених аномалій у світі є вроджені вади серця (ВВС), які завдають шкоди здоров’ю людини, призводять до інвалідизації і є основною причиною летальності немовлят.

Мета – узагальнення глобальної поширеності ВВС серед живонароджених дітей та тенденцій щодо поліпшення діагностики та лікування у світі. Під «тенденціями» розуміли часові зміни зареєстрованої частоти ВВС та показників смертності, які залежать від системи – організації скринінгу, реєстрації випадків і доступності лікування.

Результат. Частота ВВС у світі коливається в межах 8–12‰. За структурою найпоширенішими дефектами є: VSD (40%), ASD (14%), PDA (10%), PS (7,6%), TOF (5,5%), CoA (4,7%), TGA (3,7%), HLHS (2,6%). За умови своєчасної хірургічної допомоги 95% дітей виживають. В Україні щороку народжується близько 4500 дітей із ВВС, з яких приблизно 30–40% потребують хірургічного втручання у перший рік життя.

Ключові слова: вроджені вади серця, діти, стан проблеми, виклики системи.

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