N 4 (195) 2025. P. 97–103

ALKYLAMINES CHEMICAL-TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES – ACID GASES CHEMOSORBENTS. INHALATION TOXICITY

R. E. Khoma, V. O. Gelmboldt, S. V. Vodzinskii, T. M. Shcherbakova, O. P. Yefimenko

Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, Ukraine
Odesa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine
Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2025-4-16

Introduction. To ensure protection of the human body from the effects of toxic, dangerous chemicals, means of individual and collective protection agents are produced within the framework of tactical medicine technologies. Organic amines are widely used as chemosorbents in the composition of anti-gas elements of the above-mentioned agents.

A review of experimental material devoted to this topic was conducted on open scientometric databases Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct (Elsevier), Google Scholar, PubMed, etc., and analyzes such toxicity indicators as LC0, LC50, LOAEL, NOAEL, RD50, Rfc, TLV, MPC. Results. The toxicity of volatile organic compounds is conventionally divided into specific (reactive, chemical), which is the result of irreversible covalent interaction of its reactive groups with bioreceptors, and nonspecific (nonreactive, physical), which is associated with the interaction with bioreceptors of the so-called “inert” compounds and includes all types of reversible weak non-covalent interactions. Important parameters of the nonspecific toxicity of an organic compound are its saturated vapor pressure and lipophilicity. It is noted that the study of inhalation toxicity is more difficult than other types of toxicological studies due to the technical requirements for the creation and characterization of the exposure atmosphere, as well as the determination of the dose delivered to the respiratory tract. The features of determining toxicity in the series of volatile organic amines are considered and difficulties in comparing them are noted due to the discrepancy between the legislation of different countries regarding hygienic standards, which differ by tens of times. Inhalation toxicity of volatile amines is reduced by introducing polar hydroxyl groups into them, increasing the ability of amines to intermolecular interaction or by creating polymers or copolymers on their basis, in particular impregnated fibrous materials, the biodegradation of which is facilitated by the use of artificial natural or synthetic fibers.

It is noted that the determination of the structure-toxicity relationship (in particular, inhalation) for amines requires further research under comparable conditions.

Keywords: inhalation toxicity, specific toxicity, alkylamines, lipophilicity, correlations.

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