N 4 (195) 2025. P. 85–89

STUDY OF THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF CALIFORNIA POPPY (ESCHSCHOLZIA CALIFORNICA CHAM.)

N. Ye. Burda, I. O. Zhuravel, I. V. Orlenko

National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2025-4-14

Introduction. California poppy (Eschscholzia californica Cham.) is an herbaceous plant of the Papaveraceae family, which is grown in Ukraine as an ornamental plant.

The plant contains alkaloids, flavonoids, and carotenoids. However, other groups of substances that may also affect the pharmacological activity of the plant are poorly understood. California poppy has antifungal, analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative effects.

Therefore, in the context of the holistic approach to the study of the chemical composition of the plant, it was advisable to study the fatty acid composition of California poppy.

The aim of the study was to investigate the fatty acid composition of the herb and roots of California poppy.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was the herb and roots of California poppy harvested in the flowering phase in July-August 2024 in the Kharkiv region (Ukraine). The fatty acid composition was studied by gas chromatography. The study of fatty acid methyl esters was carried out on a Selmichrome-1 gas chromatograph.

Results. As a result of the experiment, the presence of 15 fatty acids, including 4 unidentified ones, was found in the herb of California poppy, and 13 fatty acids, including 2 unidentified ones, in the roots of this plant. In total, unsaturated fatty acids prevailed in both types of raw materials studied. Among unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid prevailed in both herb and roots, with a content of 44.90 and 57.20%, respectively.

The experiment expands the information on the chemical composition of the raw material of California poppy. The results obtained can also be further used in the study of new types of pharmacological activity and the development of medicines based on the raw materials of this plant.

Keywords: Eschscholzia californica Cham. (California poppy), fatty acid composition, gas chromatography.

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