N 4 (189) 2024. P. 62–71

LONG QT SYNDROME IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE

G. S. Senatorova, O. V. Omelchenko, I. M. Galdina, O. V. Buchnieva

Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Kharkiv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, Kharkiv, Ukraine
State Institution “Zaycev V. T. Institution of General and Urgent Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Kharkiv, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2024-4-11

Introduction. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) refers to channelopathies characterized by prolongation of the QT interval with occurrence of palpitations, syncope, and anoxic seizures secondary to ventricular arrhythmia, classically torsade de pointes.

The purpose of the work – to present a modern view of the problem of LQTS in children, which will allow preventing the development of sudden cardiac death in children’s age in a timely manner, and to illustrate the tactics of managing a patient with LQTS with own clinical observation.

Materials and methods. The research was based on modern literary sources devoted to etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment, and management tactics of different variants of LQTS in children. The analysis of the original clinical observation of a teenager with congenital LQTS is presented. The research was carried out following the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. Informed consent of the parents was obtained for the research. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Results. The work provides a review of modern literature on the causes and mechanisms of development, diagnosis, and treatment of LQTS in children. The article presents individual clinical participant data of a teenager who was diagnosed with congenital LQTS and the tactics of its treatment. In order to prevent sudden cardiac death, the child was prescribed β-blockers and a defibrillator-cardioverter was installed.

Conclusion. The presented materials will allow expanding the knowledge of pediatricians, family doctors and children’s cardiologists about LQTS as a predictor of fatal heart rhythm disturbances in children and will provide an opportunity to timely prevent the development of sudden cardiac death in childhood.

Key words: long QT syndrome, sudden cardiac death, channelopathies, pirouette-type tachycardia, children.

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