N 4 (189) 2024. P. 7–12

EXQUISITE REACTIONS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE TONGUE IN THE PATHOLOGY OF THE ORGANS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

N. O. Gevkaliuk, R. O. Drevnitska

Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2024-4-1

Gastrointestinal diseases manifest not only on its mucous membrane but also on extraintestinal lesions of the oral cavity, which is functionally related to the digestive organs.

The aim of the study is to establish morphological features and reveal patterns of remodeling of the mucous membrane of the tongue and its neuromuscular endings in experimental gastritis.

Materials and methods. Gastritis was simulated in 60 laboratory rats, after which the animals were removed from the experiment. Samples of the mucous membrane of the tongue were prepared following standard methods and examined on a scanning electron microscope “JEOL-25М-Т220А” (Japan) and an electron microscope PЕМ-100 (“SELMI”, Ukraine). Angioarchitectonics of tongue papillae was studied by SEM of corrosion casts. Histological preparations after staining with hematoxylin and eosin, as well as after impregnation with silver nitrate, were examined under a light microscope MS 300 (TCR) and Leica DME and photographed with a digital microscope camera DCM 900, digital camera “Olympus Camedia C-480 ZOOM” (Olympus corp., Japan).

Results. In experimental gastritis, the stratum corneum of the mucous membrane of the tongue thickens, hyperplasia, acanthosis, and desquamation of the epithelium of the tongue, areas of which are covered with coccal microflora, are observed. In the epithelium, intercellular contacts in the stratum corneum are disrupted, bubbles with fine-grained content are formed. The cytoplasm of cells of the stratum corneum contains randomly distributed granules of keratohyalin. The nuclei are rounded, shifted to the basal pole of the cell. During ultrastructural examination, epitheliocytes have the appearance of anucleated cells with a cytoplasm of medium electron-optical density. The method of corrosion casts demonstrates the reactive reconstruction of the microcirculatory channel of the mucous membrane of the tongue. During impregnation with silver nitrate, a structural rearrangement of the peripheral nervous system is revealed. The obtained results indicate changes in the external structure and angioarchitectonics of the structural elements of the tongue mucosa in experimental gastritis.

Key words: mucous membrane of the tongue, microcirculatory channel, reactions of exquisite, experimental gastritis, morphological studies, SEM studies.

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