N 2 (183) 2023. P. 84–87

HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE PESTICIDES MIGRATION IN SOIL AND SURFACE WATER AFTER AGRICULTURES PROCESSING USING INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND REVEALING OF THE RISK OF THEIR NEGATIVE IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH

А. M. Antonenko, A. A. Borysenko, S. T. Omelchuk, I. M. Pelo, V. V. Babienko

1 Hygiene and Ecology Institute of Bogomolet’s National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine

2 Odessa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2023-2-15

Introduction. The application of pesticides for the treatment of agricultural crops using UAVs, injector nozzles and 3RIVE 3D technology will allow farmers to use pesticides more precisely and efficiently. The intensive use of pesticides in domestic agriculture causes increased concern about their migration into groundwater and deterioration of its quality. Which, in turn, can have a negative impact on the health of the population that uses such water for drinking purposes.

The purpose of the work was to conduct a comparative hygienic assessment of the migration of active substances of pesticides into ground and surface water after application using innovative methods and the risk of their negative impact on humans when consuming contaminated water.

Results and discussion. One of the main factors that determines the speed of migration through the soil profile is the sorption-desorption balance in the ‘pesticide-soil’ system. Diquat dibromide and bifenthrin are non-mobile compounds in the soil (class 5), azoxystrobin is slightly mobile (class 4), and cyproconazole is moderately mobile (class 3). For a more thorough assessment of this risk, we used the GUS and LEACH indicators. According to the GUS rating scale, there is a very low (azoxystrobin and cyproconazole) and extremely low (diquat dibromide and bifenthrin) risk of leaching into groundwater for the studied compounds.

According to the LEACHmod the risk for bifenthrin is moderate (class 2), for the rest of the compounds it is low (class 3). The obtained results can be explained by the extremely high solubility of bifenthrin in water, which, even against the background of low stability and low mobility in the soil profile, significantly increases the risk of its getting into water bodies.

Conclusions. It is shown that according to the integral indicator of the danger of consuming water contaminated with pesticides, cyproconazole belongs to extremely dangerous compounds in the case of human consumption of water contaminated with it (class 1A), bifenthrin belongs to dangerous compounds (class 2), azoxystrobin and diquat dibromide are moderately dangerous (class 3).

Key words: pesticides, migration ability, public health, consumption risk, application technologies

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