30 Year’s Experience of Endoskopic Operations of Trachea and Bronchi in Lung Cancer Palliative Treatment

Abstract

Endoscopic operations on trachea and bronchi are palliative method of lung cancer common forms treatment. The use of this surgical interventions type in patients with the above pathology improves quality and extends the life span. We summarized the 30-year experience of performing endobronchial operations in patients with lung cancer. In the clinic, endoscopic operations on the trachea and bronchi in lung cancer were performed in 1,720 patients, of which 1384 were men and 336 women. Total number of operations 4781. All patients had complete or partial stenosis of bronchi and trachea. Radical surgery was impossible to perform due to the prevalence of the process, either because of the comorbidity presence. Basically, we used a rigorous Friedel bronchoscope - in 1255 patients, the remaining 465 patients used an Olympus fibrobronchoscope. Rigid bronchoscopy was performed using endotracheal anesthesia, interventions with the use of a fibroblochoscope were performed under local anesthesia. We used three methods of influencing the tumor: laser radiation (1259 patients), electrosurgical method (146 patients) and radiofrequency ablation (315 patients). As a source of laser radiation, we used YAG-Nd laser, with a wavelength of 1064 nm and a power of 40 W. Both contact and non-contact methods of influencing the tumor were used. Electrosurgical operations implemented by a contact method using a conventional surgical coagulator under local anesthesia using fibrobronchoscope. The radiofrequency ablation (RFA) method implies the use of an electron wave at a frequency of 500 kHz. As a power source was used Fotec 150 generator. Operative interventions were performed under local anesthesia with the use of fibrobronchoscopy method.