Relevance. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of fatty infiltration of the liver is important in each clinical case, especially when there is a combined course of fatty liver disease.
Аim. To investigate the acoustic characteristics of the liver tissue of patients with nonalcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease (FLD) on the background of obesity (OB) and pathology of the biliary tract (BT), depending on the body mass index (BMI).
Materials and methods. There were observed 300 patients with FLD of non-alcoholic and alcoholic origin in combination with the OB and pathology of BT. For the diagnosis of liver steatosis it has used ultrasound methods. The analysis of structural changes of the digestive system contained an assessment of the size, contours, acoustic structure and echogenicity of the liver. There was determined oblique vertical dimension (OVD) of the right lobe of the liver and cranio-caudal dimension (CCD) of the left lobe of the liver, as the biliary system. BMI was determined according to the Quetelet formula. Depending on the degree of increase in BMI, each groups of patients with nonalcoholic steatosis (NAHS), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic steatosis (AHS), alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and associated OB were divided into three groups: BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 — overweight; with a BMI of 30–34.9 kg/m2 — OB I degree; with BMI 35–39.9 kg/m2 — OB IІ degree.
Materials and methods. NAHS and NASH in the background of the increase in BMI lead to different degrees of the increase of the size of the right lobe of the liver (rs=0.598, р<0.001 and rs=0.682, р<0.001) and left lobe of the liver (rs=0.501, р<0.001 and rs=0.590, р<0.001) and OVD (rs=0.509, р<0.001 and rs=0.665, р<0.001) and CCD (rs=0.505, р<0.001 and rs=0.618, р<0.001) and a significant increase in column distal attenuation of sound in right and left lobes of the organ in patients with NAHS (rs=0.462, р<0.001 and rs=0.368, р<0.01) and indices of acoustic density in patients with NASH (rs=0.397, р<0.001 and rs=0.459, р<0.001). The increase in BMI in patients with AHS and ASH leads to a significant increase in the size of the right lobe of the liver (rs=0.552, р<0.001 and rs=0.722, р<0.001) and left lobe of the liver (rs=0.706, р<0.001 and rs=0.376, р<0.01) and OVD (rs=0.518, р<0.001 and rs=0.673, р<0.001) and CCD (rs=0.749, р<0.001 and rs=0.338, р<0.05).
Conclusion. The characteristic features of the acoustic structure of the liver in patients with FLD non-alcoholic and alcoholic origin in combination with the OB and pathology BT was the increase in size, heterogeneity, and the increase in acoustic density structures with distal sound attenuation, which depend on BMI parameters.