The known role in changes of the immune system at pregnancy belongs to T- and B-lymphocytes, macrophages, granulocytes and the highly active cytokines — TNF-α. At the inflammatory processes cytokines also make a certain impact on the osteoporosis development.
Objective of research was studying the condition of cellular immunity (lymphocytes, system of neutrophils, monocytes) and TNF-α levels in pregnant women with the osteopenic syndrome at the verified perinatal infection in dynamics.
Methods. Group I-A included 192 pregnant women with osteopenic syndrome and perinatal infections; the group of comparison (I-B) included 43 pregnant women with infection without osteopenic syndrome, the control group (II) — 128 healthy pregnant women. Examination was carried out in II, III trimesters of pregnancy and in the postnatal period. The structural condition of bone tissue by ultrasound osteodensitometric method was defined. Except for an expanded general blood sample, TNF-α concentration was determined by the chemiluminescence immunoassay method.
Results. In process of gestation the density of bones tissue in pregnant women gradually decreases; at perinatal infection all osteodensitometric indicators were authentically lower. In pregnant women with osteopenic syndrome it is revealed relative neutrophilia, with an increase of per cent of “young” forms, lymphopenia, monocytosis, that can testify to oppression of the specific link of immune system.
Activity of TNF-α at the osteopenic syndrome on the infections background significantly exceeds its activity at healthy pregnant women (10.3±0.2) vs (5.4±0.2) pg/ml in II trimester, (13.0±0.2) vs (6.9±0.2) pg/ml in III trimester, р<0.001).
Conclusion. Possibly, the persisting infection, dysfunction in work of the immune system are the precondition to the bone’s mineral density reduction.