N 5 (196) 2025. P. 32–39

THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION IN SELF-MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

V. I. Velychko, D. O. Lahoda, Ye. O. Tulyantseva, H. O. Danylchuk

Odesa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2025-5-5

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, exerting a substantial negative impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Education on the basics of diabetes self-management can improve treatment adherence and enhance QoL.

Objective. To assess the effect of diabetes self-management education on the QoL of patients with T2DM, based on the Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) questionnaire results.

Materials and methods. The study included 140 patients with T2DM. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to cognitive status and participation in diabetes self-management education. QoL was assessed using the ADDQoL questionnaire at baseline and after 12 months.

Results. At baseline, the average weighted impact (AWI) scores were: Ia – –1.72 ± 0.41; Ib – –1.58 ± 0.40; IIa – –1.45 ± 1.61; IIb – –1.32 ± 1.49. After 12 months, a deterioration in AWI was observed in the subgroups without education (Ia: to –2.35 ± 0.43; p < 0.05; IIa: to –1.88 ± 1.90; p > 0.05), whereas patients who participated in the self–management program demonstrated a significant improvement (Ib: to –1.04 ± 0.31; IIb: to –0.79 ± 1.40; p < 0.05). A negative correlation was found between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and QoL (r = –0,28; p < 0,05) as well as between body mass index (BMI) and QoL (r = –0,25; p < 0,05), as well as a direct correlation between cognitive functions and QоL (r = 0,17; p < 0,05).

Conclusions. T2DM has a negative impact on all QoL domains assessed by the ADDQoL questionnaire. Implementation of diabetes self-management education leads to statistically significant improvements in QoL and should be an integral part of the management of such patients.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; self-management education; quality of life; glycemic control.

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