N 5 (196) 2025. P. 9–15

THE ROLE OF THE BLOOD CELL COMPONENT IN THE FORMATION OF MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION IN IRRADIATED OFFSPRING BORN TO ANIMALS EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT RADIATION DOSES

A. A. Kostina, G. F. Stepanov, A. A. Dimova, Ye. Ye. Pelekhovych

Odesa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2025-5-1

Radiation-induced hematological and metabolic disturbances remain insufficiently understood, particularly in the offspring of irradiated parents, despite their potential contribution to tissue dysfunction and long-term post-irradiation effects.

The aim of the work – to investigate the role of the blood cell component in the formation of muscle dysfunction in irradiated offspring born to animals irradiated at different doses.

Materials and methods. 1-month-old Wistar rats obtained from parents irradiated at 0.5 Gy and 1.0 Gy were subjected to single total-body γ-irradiation at 1.0 Gy. Hematological indices, activities of pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, and levels of pyruvate and lactate were determined in peripheral blood, myocardium, and skeletal muscle using standard biochemical and spectrophotometric methods.

Results and discussion. Total-body γ-irradiation at 1.0 Gy reduced hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte count in the offspring, limiting oxygen supply to tissues. Metabolic disturbances were dose-dependent and most pronounced in the progeny of animals irradiated at

1.0 Gy, showing a marked decline in pyruvate kinase activity in skeletal muscle, while myocardial changes were minor. Concurrent increases in lactate dehydrogenase activity and in lactate and pyruvate levels elevated the lactate/pyruvate ratio, indicating suppression of oxidative phosphorylation and a shift toward anaerobic glycolysis.

Conclusions. Offspring of animals irradiated at different doses exhibit dose-dependent hematological deficits and metabolic shifts, including reduced erythropoiesis, impaired oxygen-transport capacity, inhibition of substrate-level phosphorylation, and activation of anaerobic glycolysis, which may contribute to radiation-induced muscle dysfunction.

Keywords: total-body γ-irradiation, offspring of irradiated animals, blood cells, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase.

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