N 4 (195) 2025. P. 9–14

FEATURES OF CEREBRAL ENERGY METABOLISM IN CHRONIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND UNDER CORRECTION WITH ΒETA-BLOCKERS OF DIFFERENT GENERATIONS

A. O. Svitlytskyi, O. V. Hancheva, T. A. Hrekova, O. M. Kuchkovskyi, T. M. Matvieishyna

Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2025-4-1

Given the high prevalence of arterial hypertension in the world and in our country in particular, as well as the tendency to increase in the number of younger patients, it becomes important to examine in greater depth the characteristic alterations in organs and tissues that occur under prolonged blood pressure elevation and pathogenetic treatment.

The aim of the study is to examine the characteristic changes in neuronal parameters related to energy metabolism in animals with spontaneous arterial hypertension and in correction with beta-blockers of different generations.

Materials and methods. The study involved 40 male rats with spontaneous arterial hypertension (SHR) and 10 normotensive control normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKR). The animals were divided into 5 experimental groups of 10 rats each. Different groups of experimental animals with spontaneous arterial hypertension were administered propranolol, carvedilol, and hypertril in therapeutic doses (groups 3, 4 and 5). In the experimental study, massometric, biochemical and statistical methods were used. The levels of ATP, malate, COX, and mitochondrial enzymes in animal brain homogenates were studied biochemically.

Results. In groups of rats that received beta-blockers with different properties (groups 3, 4 and 5), blood pressure was quickly stabilized to target values. Propranolol has showed a negative effect on both the content of ATP and malate as compared to the SHR results. Carvedilol has not changed the total pool of macroergic compounds ATP and malate concentrations, leaving the values at the levels of hypertensive rats. Both beta-blockers have shown no significant differences in the reduced activity of COX, mt-AsT and mt-CK. The hypertril administration has helped to completely restore the ATP and malate production, mt-AsT and mt-CK activity to normative values along with partially restored COX, in particular, the activity of mt-AsT and mt-CK enzymes was increased as compared to the SHR values.

Keywords: arterial hypertension, energy metabolism, beta-blockers, hippocampus, SHR.

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