N 1 (186) 2024 р. P. 28–34

STARGARDT’S CENTRAL ABIOTROPHY OF THE RETINA. A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

N. V. Konovalova, S. M. Yepisheva, Z. E. Diachkova, A. A. Tereshchenko, M. А. Novikova

Odesa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2024-1-5

Stargardt macular degeneration is the most common inherited macular dystrophy in both adults and children, with an incidence of 1 in 8.000–10.000.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the results of a comprehensive approach to the differential diagnosis of Stargardt’s central abiotrophy of the retina.

Materials and methods. 9 patients (18 eyes) were examined for Stargardt’s disease via generally accepted methods, OCT.

Research results. The onset of the disease at a later age, with the appearance of yellow-spotted foci, which are later joined by the phenomena of maculopathy, are characteristic of Stargardt’s disease. Characteristic OCT signs are pronounced thinning of the retina in the fovea, foveola, due to the absence (visualization of the structure) of the outer nuclear layer, segments of photoreceptors with a zone of ellipsoids, and the outer boundary membrane. According to OCT data, the parameters of the area of the absence of visualization of the structure of the outer nuclear layer, segments of photoreceptors with a zone of ellipsoids. The outer boundary membrane (2411±218 μm and 2357±131 μm, respectively) and the area beyond which all the structures of the outer layers of the retina are restored.

Conclusions

  1. The range of necessary clinical research methods allows determining the exact clinical and genetic form of central retinal abiotrophy. The onset of the disease at a later age, with the appearance of yellow-spotted foci, which are later joined by the phenomena of maculopathy, are characteristic of Stargardt’s disease.
  2. A comprehensive analysis of the examination of patients made it possible to develop criteria for the early differential diagnosis of Stargardt’s disease based on OCT data. Characteristic OCT signs are pronounced thinning of the retina in the fovea, foveola, due to the absence (visualization of the structure) of the outer nuclear layer, segments of photoreceptors with a zone of ellipsoids, and the outer boundary membrane.
  3. To preserve visual functions and slow down the progression of the disease, it is advisable to use Resvega® Forte and Nutrof® Forte 1 time a day for 6 months, taking into account the significant thinning of the photoreceptor layer.

Key words: Stargardt’s disease, OKT, Resvega® Forte, Nutrof® Forte.

 

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