N 1 (186) 2024 р. P. 13–17

THE DEVELOPMENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE LIVER AND PANCREAS OF RAT PUPS EXPOSED TO MATERNAL PARTIAL FOOD DEPRIVATION DURING PREGNANCY

Municipal Institution of Higher Education “Rivne Medical Academy” of Rivne Region Council, Rivne, Ukraine

Ivan Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2024-1-2

It is known that a deficiency of carbohydrates in pregnant women leads to a delay in intrauterine development in the fetus, causing stress in the mitochondria. The liver is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, taking into account that it is rich in mitochondria. There is a lack of studies on the pancreas of an offspring whose mothers received poor nutrition.

The aim of the study – identification and study of the harmful effects of partial food deprivation in pregnant women on the tissues of the pancreas and liver of the offspring.

Materials and methods. The state of oxidative-antioxidant homeostasis in the tissue of the pancreas and liver was determined in 67 rats, which were divided into 4 groups: control group, newborn rats, 1-month-old rats, 3-month-old rats. The model of partial food deprivation was applied to mother rats of the studied groups during pregnancy.

Results. The study of lipid peroxidation indicators in the pancreatic tissue of newborn rats showed the presence of activation of lipid peroxidation. In the tissue of the pancreas, the activity of superoxide dismutase decreased significantly in the 4th experimental group below the control by 45.2% (p<0.01). The same happened with the activity of catalase. The use of partial food deprivation in mothers led to the activation of lipid peroxidation in the hepatocytes of rat pups, in particular, the maximum content of diene conjugates increased reliably by 95.4% (p<0.01), and reactive substances of thiobarbituric acid – by 64.4% (p<0.01) in the 3rd experimental group compared to the control group. In the 3rd experimental group, there is a sharp decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and in the 4th group, the indicators balance out and almost reach the target level of the control group.

Conclusions. A high probability in the development of liver pathologies within one month after birth and a complicated course of pancreatic diseases at all stages of the experiment has been proven.

Key words: oxidative stress, pancreas, liver, food nutritional deprivation, pregnancy.

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