N 4 (185) 2023. P. 56–60

PROGNOSTIC CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS OF ANTENATAL DEATH OF A FETUS WITH CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS

D. M. Shchurko, M. I. Shchurko, V. V. Malyuk

Odesa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2023-4-12

Among the causes of perinatal losses, stillbirth, including those associated with congenital malformations of the fetus, remains an urgent medical and social poorly-studied problem. It is congenital defects of fetal development that occupy the main place in the structure of antenatal fetal death, which determines the importance of a comprehensive study and understanding of the mechanisms that cause fetal death.

Research goal. To study the epidemiological features of the frequency of congenital malformations in the fetus and prevention of antenatal death in pregnant women of the Southern region of Ukraine.

Research methods. A retrospective study was conducted based on the birth histories of 120 pregnant women who gave birth to children with congenital malformations. The control group consisted of 30 pregnant women who gave birth to healthy children. The anamnestic data of pregnant women, features of the course of pregnancy, features of the environment, results of instrumental methods for assessing the state of the fetus were studied. Determination of risk factors for antenatal fetal death was carried out using regression analysis.

Research results and discussion. According to research findings, it was found that extragenital (diseases of the cardiovascular and venous systems) and obstetric pathology (threat of early termination of pregnancy) are among the most important factors of antenatal fetal death. Assessment of the functional state of the feto-placental complex indicated hemodynamic disturbances in the placental-fetal blood flow system.

Conclusions. The risk factors of antenatal fetal death in congenital malformations are multifactorial and depend on the region, nosological form of congenital malformations, maternal and fetal factors. Proper pre-pregnancy training can help improve the demographic situation in Ukraine as a whole.

Key words: antenatal fetal death, risk factors, congenital malformations, placental dysfunction.

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