N 3 (184) 2023. P. 21–25

CLINICAL AND NOSOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INJURIES IN PATIENTS WITH CRANIO-ABDOMINO-SKELETAL INJURIES

P. V. Tanasienko, A. U. Mezhiev

National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine
Municipal non-commercial enterprise “City Clinical Hospital № 11” of the Odesa City Council, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2023-3-4

Introduction. Recent decades have been characterized by a significant increase in injuries and mortality from the consequences of polytrauma. One of the most frequently registered types of polytrauma is a cranial-abdominal-skeletal injury. According to the literature, a craniocerebral injury was sustained in 70–78% of convulsions, abdominal trauma in 21%, and skeletal injury in 33% of convulsions. The aim. Designate the clinical and nosological structure of patients with clinical-abdominal-skeletal trauma as a component of polytrauma.

Materials and methods. In our study, a retrospective analysis of 134 cases of cranial-abdominal-skeletal trauma that were treated in the Odessa City Clinical Hospital No. 11 in the period from 2015 to 2022 was conducted. For the purpose of qualitative analysis of the actual research material, the victims of the surveillance array were divided into two groups. Up to the first group, 93 cases of cranial-abdominal-skeletal injuries were reduced, which were completed in the past. Another group had 41 episodes of cranial-abdominal-skeletal injuries, which resulted in a lethal episode.

Results. Among the victims with cranio-abdominal-skeletal trauma in the group of those who recovered, the main craniocerebral injuries were concussion (52,5%), cerebral contusion without hemorrhage (32,3%) and cerebral contusion with subdural hematoma (7,5 %), and in the group of the dead – cerebral contusion with subdural hematoma (26,8%), cerebral contusion with subarachnoid hematoma (17,1%) and skull fracture (17,1%). In the group of recovered patients, the distribution of abdominal trauma was dominated by anterior abdominal wall bruising (39,8%), parenchymal organ damage (23,6%), and hemoperitoneum (19,3%), and in the deceased group, parenchymal organ damage (51,2%), hemoperitoneum (41,5%) and damage to hollow organs (14,6%). In the structure of skeletal trauma, among the victims of the recovered group, leg injury (36,8%), hip injury (19,4%), and shoulder injury (14,0%) were most often found, and in the group of the deceased – hip injury (46,3%), pelvis injury (21,9%) and leg injury (19,5%).

Conclusions. The clinical and nosological characteristics of injuries in patients with cranial-abdominal-skeletal trauma are diverse and differ significantly between recovered and deceased patients.

Key words: victims, cranio-abdominal-skeletal injury, clinical and nosological characteristics.

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