N 3 (181) 2022. P. 35–39

ANIO-ABDOMINO-SKELETAL INJURIES IN VICTIMS WITH POLYTRAUMA. Notice 1

P. V. Tanasiienko, A. U. Mezhiev

Vinnytsia National Medical University named after M.I. Pirogov, Department of Surgery No. 1, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
KNP “Odesa City Clinical Hospital No. 11”, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.32782/2226-2008-2022-3-7

Cranio-abdominal-skeletal trauma is one of the most frequently registered types of polytrauma. According to the literature, combined craniocerebral trauma occurs in 70-78% of cases, abdominal trauma in 21%, and skeletal trauma in 33% of cases. The purpose of our research was to analyze the sources of scientific and analytical information, as well as accumulated personal experience, which will make it possible to form further scientific research in this field and improve the results of treatment of victims with cranial-abdominal-skeletal trauma. The frequency of observation of a combination of damage to the musculoskeletal system, abdomen and brain injury (TBI) in polytrauma is the highest and is 88%, 35% and 71%, respectively. At the same time, the combination of TBI with abdominal injuries and limb fractures occurs in 22.5% of polytrauma cases. The presence of shock and blood loss in victims with cranio-abdominal-skeletal trauma is found in 75.6% of cases. In 70% of victims with polytrauma, skeletal injuries are multiple and belong to high-energy ones, obtained in traffic accidents and falling from a height. Fractures of limb bones in 39-58% of patients are complex, type B and C (according to AT/ASIF classification), in every third patient – open, with extensive soft tissue damage. Cranio-abdominal-skeletal trauma is a fairly common variant of polytrauma, which occurs in 10-12% of patients with combined trauma, and the mortality from it is 10-33%. Cranio-abdominal-skeletal injury is characterized by a severe course and high mortality, which is due to the high shockof the injury, the development of the syndrome of mutual aggravation of injuries, as well as the frequent occurrence of infectious complications. In the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cranio-abdominal-skeletal trauma, it is important to follow the “damage control” tactics, which significantly improves the results of treatment of patients in this category.

Key words: cranial-abdominal-skeletal injury, victims, polytrauma, treatment.

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