N 1–2 (179–180) 2022. P. 31–37

MORPHOMETRIC FEATURES OF EYE STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO OCT AND CHANGES IN HEMODYNAMICS IN PATIENTS WITH ANTERIOR UVEITIS COMPLICATED BY OPTIC NEURITIS

L. V. Venher, O. V. Kovtun, N. I. Khramenko

Odesa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine
State Instituion “The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.54229/2226-2008-2022-1-2-6

Aim. Identify changes in the optic disc and vascular membrane by OCT, as well as features of hemodynamics and the possibility of communication between these parameters.

Materials and methods. In 150 patients with idiopathic monolateral anterior uveitis, ophthalmic (visometry, refractometry, tonometry, perimetry, biomicroscopy, direct, reverse ophthalmoscopy), examination, rheophthalmography (ROG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of structures were performed. Patients received treatment according to the protocol, including, if necessary, antibacterial, antiviral, steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, desensitizing, vasodilating, immunomodulatory drugs. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0 using Student’s coefficient, pairwise correlation and Spearman’s rank correlation

Research results. The OCT results of the eyes of patients with optic neuritis on the background of anterior uveitis showed a significant increase in the thickness of the layer of peripapillary nerve fibers and vascular membrane by 34.3 and 38.9% relative to the data in anterior uveitis without complications. ROG revealed a significant increase in the tone of small and large vessels of the eye in neuritis on the background of anterior uveitis by 14.2 and 17.2% compared to those without neuritis.

There was a direct significant strong relationship between the thickness of peripapillary fibers and the thickness of the vascular membrane with volumetric pulse blood filling, the volume of volumetric blood filling, tonic properties of large and small vessels (r = 0,699-0,909); average – between the diameter of the optic nerve at the entrance to the orbit and the parameters of the ROG (r = 0,647-0,797); weak – determined in the retrobulbar and middle department (r = 0.241-0.453). The development of neuritis in uveitis is accompanied by an increase in the thickness of the peripapillary fibers and vascular membrane, the diameter of the optic nerve at the entrance to the orbit, in the retrobulbar and middle department, as well as volumetric pulse blood filling, volumetric connection in all cases (Spearman r 0.421-0.754).

Conclusions

  1. The results of OCT of the eyes with optic neuritis on the background of anterior uveitis showed a significant increase in the thickness of the layer of peripapillary nerve fibers and vascular membrane relative to the data in persons with anterior uveitis without complications.
  2. The horn of the tonic properties of the vessels revealed a significant increase in the tone of small and large vessels of the eye with optic neuritis on the background of anterior uveitis relative to those without neuritis.
  3. The direct strong reliable correlation of indicators of thickness of peripheral fibers and a vascular cover with volume pulse blood filling, speed of volume blood filling, tonic properties of large and small vessels is revealed. Average connection – between the diameter of the optic nerve at the entrance to the orbit and the parameters of the ROG, weak connection with the diameter of the optic nerve in the retrobulbar and middle department.
  4. The development of optic neuritis against the background of anterior uveitis is accompanied by an increase in the thickness of the peripheral fibers and choroid, the diameter of the optic nerve at the entrance to the orbit, in the retrobulbar and middle section. The tonic properties of large and small vessels, volumetric pulse blood filling, and the speed of volumetric blood filling, as indicated by the presence of a significant direct correlation.

Key words: chronic anterior idiopathic uveitis, optic neuritis, OCT, eye hemodynamics.

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