The role of heavy metals and calcium which constantly and in high concentration are found out in bilious stones in gallstone desease pathogenesis is investigated. Experimental data of chemical interaction of ions of calcium, copper, manganese and nickel with bile with insoluble complexes formation, which can form a basis of bilious stones formation are resulted. Positions of the chemical theory which can explain a lot of pathogenetic mechanisms gallstone desease are formulated: origin and ways of formation of a crystal phase to bile, fast growth of stones, alternation of layers and their fastening, a variety of forms of bilious stones, and also the mechanism of accumulation of metals in enterohepatic circulation.
