N 5 (177) 2021. P. 59–64

DIABETES MELLITUS AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. A MODERN VIEW ON THE PROBLEM

V. I. Velychko, Ye. O. Tuliantseva, V. I. Synenko, H. V. Kornovan

Odesa National Medical University MH of Ukraine, Odesa, Ukraine

DOI 10.54229/2226-2008-2021-5-11

Today, diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world. Every 13–15 years, the number of patients with diabetes doubles. The risk of type 2 diabetes is determined by an interplay of genetic and metabolic factors. Ethnicity, family history of diabetes, gestational diabetes, old age, overweight, obesity, poor diet, low physical activity, and smoking to increase risk. Diabetes reduces life expectancy, leads to early disability, it is a leading cause of terminal renal failure, blindness, diabetes increases the risk of amputation of the lower extremities and the development of cognitive impairment. The problem of cognitive impairment is especially relevant because we can observe a trend of increasing life expectancy and an increase in the proportion of older people in all countries. Also, we can observe an increase in the number of patients with cognitive impairment and dementia. Diabetes treatment should be comprehensive, with the participation of a multidisciplinary team. To successfully treat and control diabetes, physicians and patients must work together to educate and raise awareness about the disease. Patient education should be provided at all stages of therapy. Adequate treatment of diabetes and comorbidities will help reduce the risk of developing and progressing cognitive impairments and other dangerous complications.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment, cognitive functions, patient education.

 

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