The aim of the study was to determine the characteristics of the immunological profile of women with benign endometrial hyperplasia (EH).
Methods and materials. The research was conducted at theRegionalHospital (Odesa). The total number of surveyed was 180 women of reproductive age. All patients were performed a comprehensive survey, which included clinical and paraclinical methods, according to the order of Ministry of Health of Ukraine N 620 from 29.12.2003 and N 676 from 31.12.2004. “On approval of clinical protocols for obstetric and gynecological care”. Additionally the exression of activation markers CD16+/CD56+, CD1a, CD85k and CD123 on the surface of lymphocytes was studied by flow cytometry using the device “FACScan” company “Becton Dickinson”.
Determination of CD receptors in endometrial biopsy was performed by immunohistochemical method using monoclonal antibodies LIR, Dardilly (France) to CD56 (+), CD83 (+), CD1a (+).
Patients with simple EH without atypia had increased number of glands and change their shape, a slight change in the ratio of stromal and glandular components (0.55±0.09) in the absence of cytological atypia. Integrated (adenomatous) EH differed with more pronounced proliferation and close location glands, which acquired architectonics complex and characterized by papillary growths and more pronounced increased ratio of glandular and stromal components (0.68±0.08).
Atypical EH cytological atypia was characterised by the lack of polarity, increasing the nuclei and change their shape, increasing glandular-stromal ratio to (0.92±0.09). In 38 (76.0 %) patients from III group there was diagnosed atypical hyperplasia (adenomatosis with atypia), in which the number of irregularly shaped glands enlarged, they are tight, epithelial lining glands little rough inner contour.
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen presenting cells that are highly involved in the stimulation and modulation of the immune response within mucosal surfaces, including the female reproductive tract.
It is shown that the immunological status of patients suffering from endometrial hyperplasia with a higher content of natural killer cells (CD16+/CD56+) to (13.2±0.6) % in the patients of group II, to (11.9±0.6)% in group III and to (11.3±0.8)% in control. There was determined the correlation degree of morphological changes and levels of CD16+/CD56+ (r=+0.71; p<0,01).
It is proved that the dendritic cells in the endometrium of patients with atypical hyperplasia women show significantly higher level of expression — 2–3 scores.
There are studied the prospects for further research study of the functional state of dendritic cells as a criterion for differential diagnosis and prognosis of the proliferative potential in hyperplastic endometrium.