Actuality. Acute renal failure (ARF) results in a 19–83% mortality rate with a constant rise in the incidence of this pathology. The prognosis of ARF depends on its causes: in prerenal and postrenal ARF mortality does not exceed 7.5%, but renal ARF leads to 30–40% mortality. As a rational way of ARF pathogenetic treatment was examined the use of statins due to their pleiotropic action, realized in positive anti-proliferative, immunocorrective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects.
Purpose of the research. To compare the effects of different statins (atorvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin) on the animals’ survival rate under the conditions of ethylene glycol-, gentamicin-, glycerol- and ischemia-induced ARF.
Materials and methods. In vivo studies were carried out on 115 nonlinear mature white laboratory rats and 45 mice. Statins were administrated 3–7 days prior to ARF simulation at a dose 20 mg/kg in 1% starch solution by gavage, reference drug lipoflavon (8 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. Myoglobinuric ARF was simulated by an intramuscular injection of 50% solution of glycerol at a dose 10 ml/kg, toxic ARF — by an intramuscular injection of gentamicin solution at a dose of 80 mg/ml or subcutaneous administration to mice of ethylene glycol at 10 ml/kg. Renal ischemia was simulated under general anesthesia (etaminal sodium, 40 mg/kg) by imposing a clamp on renal pedicle for a period of 75 min with subsequent reperfusion for 24 h.
Results of the research. Survival under the conditions of the statins’ administration accounted for 55.6% in ethylene glycol ARF, 100% — in myoglobinuric ARF, 93.8% — in gentamicin-induced ARF and 90.6% — in ischemic ARF. Among the studied drugs the highest survival rate for all models of ARF was observed in the simvastatin group.