Ultrastructure of endothelial cell of muscular tissue capillaries in laboratory rats and the processes which take place in muscular tissue of rats after transplantation of mesenchymal cells of autolipoaspirate have been studied. Comparison of directions of mesenchymal cells differentiation is made depending on the medium where the cells enter. It is well-proven that with ischemia mesenchymal cells stimulate the processes of angiogenesis, taking part directly in neovasculogenesis, and under introduction to the intact muscular tissue the mesenchymal cells differentiate in tissue macrophages, without damage of muscular tissue structure on the whole.
