The influence of two kinds of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Salmonella typhi and E. coli 0111:В4 upon the markers of inflammation (MDA, elastase, OPA) in the oral mucous membrane of rats was tested. Both LPS were revealed to cause the development of inflammatory-dystrophic process in mucous membrane. The one from Salmonella typhi turned out to be more toxic LPS. Both LPS reduced the activity of catalase and index of API in mucosa.