Complex clinicogenetic examination of 689 healthy newborns, who made up the control group, and 622 patients with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) syndrome was performed with the aim to evaluate the significance of associations of blood-group antigens (AB0 and Rh systems) with the risk of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) development. c2 method and odds ratio were used to statistically analyze the obtained results of the investigation. The analysis of inheritance regularities of IUGR associated with gender has revealed that in 54% of cases this syndrome was transmitted through the maternal side, in 28% — through the paternal side and in 18% — through both sides. Taking into account the blood group antigens of the AB system, individuals with АВ (ІV) phenotype appeared among newborns with IUGR 1.80 times more often as compared to healthy newborns (c2=19.37; р=0,0001). The likelihood of IUGR development was higher in Rh positive male-infants as compared to Rh negative ones. Newborns with 0 (І) Rh+ phenotype had significant preference among newborns with IUGR (c2=7.47; p=0.006). The highest relative risk of IUGR formation was revealed in 0 (І) Rh+ male-infants and 0 (І) Rh — female-infants versus АВ (ІV) newborns. Rh positive female newborns with 0(І) and В (ІІІ) phenotypes, as well as Rh negative female newborns with 0 (І) phenotype and male newborns who are the carriers of А (ІІ) Rh+ or Rh- and 0 (І) Rh- may be resistant to the IUGR development. A prospect for further research in this area is to identify molecular-genetic markers of IUGR syndrome development.
