Several malignancies arise from the ovary. Epithelial carcinoma of the ovary is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies and the fifth most frequent cause of cancer death in women.
There are various types of epithelial cancers of the ovary. Serous epithelial ovarian cancer is the most common type.
Ovarian neoplasms consist of several histopathologic entities, and treatment depends on the specific tumor type.
The majority of epithelial ovarian cancers are diagnosed at II–IV stage diseases at which cytoreductive operations are applied. For the best prognosis it is necessary to aspire executing an optimum cytoreduction with absence of macroscopical metastases of the tumour.
Cytoreductive surgery is the initial treatment recommendation for patients with clinical stage II, III, or IV of disease. To fully stage the disease and achieve maximal cytoreduction to less than 1 cm residual disease or resection of all visible disease in appropriate circumstances.